Salmonella in Summer: Know the Symptoms and Stay Safe with These Easy Tips

As summer approaches, the temperature rises and so does the risk of foodborne illnesses, particularly salmonella. Whether you're grilling burgers, serving creamy desserts, or packing a picnic, summer often means enjoying food that may not always be prepared or stored correctly. Knowing about salmonella, its symptoms, treatment, and how to prevent it, can help you enjoy your summer safely.

What Is Salmonella?

Salmonella is a type of bacteria that causes salmonellosis, an infection affecting the digestive system. This bacteria is a primary cause of food poisoning, particularly during warm weather when food may spoil quickly. In 2023, the European Union reported over 71,000 confirmed salmonella cases. A shocking statistic is that salmonella causes approximately 1.35 million infections in the United States each year, leading to about 26,500 hospitalizations and 420 deaths according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

Typically, people recover from salmonellosis with minimal treatment, often experiencing only mild diarrhea. However, vulnerable groups such as infants, elderly individuals, and those with weakened immune systems are at risk for more severe complications.

How Is Salmonella Transmitted?

Salmonella is different from viruses that spread through the air. Instead, it spreads through consuming food or water contaminated with the bacteria, typically from infected animal or human feces. Summer's warm temperatures can speed up bacterial growth, increasing the chances of infection.

Common sources of salmonella include:

• Undercooked chicken, eggs, and egg products

• Homemade ice creams, creamy cakes, and mayonnaise made with raw eggs

• Unpasteurized milk and dairy items

• Cross-contaminated cutting boards and utensils

• Food left out in the sun or at room temperature for over two hours

• Inadequately washed hands of those handling food

  
  

Becoming aware of these transmission methods can empower you to take steps to safeguard yourself and your family.

What Are the Symptoms of Salmonella?

The initial symptoms of a salmonella infection usually occur 6 to 72 hours after consuming contaminated food. Symptoms can last up to a week and might include:

• High fever (up to 39 °C or 102 °F)

• Watery diarrhea, which can be severe

• Nausea and vomiting

• Stomach cramps and pain

• Weakness and dehydration

  
  

Knowing these symptoms helps you act swiftly if you suspect you've been infected. For example, a person may initially feel mild stomach cramps but may later experience profuse diarrhea requiring urgent attention.

A summer picnic spread showcasing food safety tips.

When Is It Time to Seek Medical Attention?

If you or someone you know experiences severe symptoms like a persistent high fever, diarrhea lasting more than three days, or signs of dehydration, such as extreme thirst, dry mouth, or reduced urination, seek medical attention right away. In some cases, antibiotics may be needed for severe infections.

Prevention: How to Protect Yourself

Preventing salmonella infection starts in your kitchen and continues during outdoor cooking. Here are some straightforward tips to follow this summer:

1. Cook Thoroughly: Ensure that chicken, eggs, and meats are cooked properly. Use a food thermometer to confirm chicken reaches a safe internal temperature of 75 °C (165 °F).

   
   

2. Keep Foods Chilled: Store dairy products at temperatures below 4 °C (39 °F). Refrigerate perishables until you are ready to serve them, especially during picnics.

   
   

3. Avoid Raw Egg Products: Skip homemade ice creams, desserts, or dressings that contain raw eggs, especially in warm weather.

   
   

4. Use Separate Utensils: Always use different cutting boards and utensils for raw meats and ready-to-eat items like vegetables and fruits.

   
   

5. Wash Hands: Wash your hands thoroughly with soap for at least 20 seconds before and after handling food to eliminate any bacteria.

   
   

6. Don’t Leave Food Out: Never leave cooked food sitting in the sun or at room temperature for more than two hours, and consider using insulated coolers when enjoying outdoor activities.

   
   

By embracing these practical habits, you can significantly cut your risk of salmonella infection this summer.

Enjoy Your Summer Safely

Salmonella may be a challenge in the summer, but by being vigilant and practicing food safety, you can enjoy barbecues, picnics, and all your favorite warm-weather foods without worry. Recognizing the symptoms and knowing when to seek help put you in control of any potential issues. This summer, dive into your favorite dishes with confidence, knowing that a few simple precautions will keep your good times going without interruptions from food poisoning.